Princes Street Gardens, nestled in the very heart of Edinburgh, Scotland, stands as a vital green lung and a picturesque landmark that elegantly divides the city’s historic Old Town from the Georgian New Town. Spanning over 37 acres (150,000 m²), these beloved gardens are bisected by The Mound, an artificial hill that not only connects these two iconic parts of Edinburgh but also proudly hosts the renowned Scottish National Gallery.
A Tale of Two Gardens: Bridging Old and New Edinburgh
The unique location of Princes Street Gardens plays a crucial role in Edinburgh’s urban landscape. By sitting directly between the medieval Old Town, with its narrow, winding streets and historic buildings, and the meticulously planned New Town, characterized by neoclassical architecture and wide avenues, the gardens offer a stunning visual contrast and a peaceful transition between two distinct eras of city development. The Mound, acting as a bridge and an elevated viewpoint, further emphasizes this division and connection, making the gardens a fascinating point of geographical and historical intersection within Edinburgh.
From Drainage to Delight: The History of Princes Street Gardens
The story of Princes Street Gardens is rooted in transformation. Its existence is owed to the draining of the Nor Loch, once Edinburgh’s largest loch. Historically, the Nor Loch wasn’t always a scenic feature; it began as marshland to the north of Edinburgh and served as a natural defense for the city alongside Edinburgh Castle during the Medieval period. This natural barrier strategically protected the north and west sides, focusing fortification needs on the east and south.
However, over centuries, the Nor Loch became less about defense and more about disposal. From the Middle Ages to the 19th century, it gained a grim reputation. Tales suggest it was used for “witch ducking” trials, as a place to discard bodies, and unfortunately, as a general dumping ground for waste. Despite its unsanitary conditions, some accounts even suggest desperate citizens resorted to the loch for fresh water. A significant turning point came in the 1770s with the initial plans for gardens, culminating in their official inauguration in 1820, by which time the loch had been completely drained and reimagined as the beautiful Princes Street Gardens we know today.
Edinburgh’s Green Heart: Beauty Across the Seasons
Princes Street Gardens lives up to its reputation as a year-round destination. It’s a popular meeting spot for locals and a must-visit for tourists, especially around the iconic Ross Fountain, a striking cast iron monument that stands as the park’s centerpiece. Installed in 1872 after its exhibition at London’s Great Exhibition of 1862, the Ross Fountain adds a touch of Victorian elegance to the gardens.
As winter approaches, a section of Princes Street Gardens magically transforms into “Winter Wonderland,” hosting a vibrant Christmas Market, an exhilarating ice rink, and various festive attractions. The Edinburgh Eye, a towering Ferris wheel standing at 108 ft (33m), becomes a highlight, offering breathtaking panoramic views of the city. Whether it’s the blossoms of spring, the lush greenery of summer, the golden hues of autumn, or the festive sparkle of winter, Princes Street Gardens offers a constantly evolving and captivating experience throughout the year, solidifying its place as a cherished jewel in Edinburgh’s crown.
