Princes Street Gardens stands as a vital green space nestled in the heart of Edinburgh, acting as a picturesque divide between the historic Old Town and the elegant New Town. This urban park is more than just a garden; it’s a landmark that encapsulates the city’s rich history and vibrant present.
A Tale of Two Cities: The Location of Princes Street Gardens
Spanning over 37 acres (150,000 m²), Princes Street Gardens is geographically significant due to its unique position. It elegantly splits Edinburgh into two distinct halves: the medieval Old Town and the Georgian New Town. This separation is further emphasized by The Mound, an artificial hill that intriguingly connects these two urban landscapes. The Mound itself is a notable location, home to the renowned Scottish National Gallery, adding a cultural dimension to this central Edinburgh spot.
From Loch to Landmark: The History of the Gardens
The story of Princes Street Gardens is deeply rooted in Edinburgh’s historical transformation. The gardens were ingeniously created by draining the Nor Loch, which was once Edinburgh’s largest loch. Historically, the Nor Loch began as a marshland on the northern side of Edinburgh and served a critical purpose as a natural defense in the Medieval era, complementing the formidable Edinburgh Castle. With natural defenses on the north and west, the city only required fortifications to the east and south.
However, the Nor Loch’s history is not just about defense. From the Middle Ages up to the 19th century, it was a site of grim practices, rumored to be a place for “witch ducking” and a disposal site for bodies. Despite its grim reputation and use as a waste disposal area, some historians suggest that citizens might have even sought fresh water from the loch. The transformation of this less-than-ideal loch into the beautiful Princes Street Gardens began in the 1770s with initial designs, culminating in its inauguration in 1820 after the complete drainage of the lake.
A Park for All Seasons: Year-Round Beauty
Princes Street Gardens maintains its allure throughout the year, making it a beloved spot for locals and tourists alike. It’s a popular meeting point, especially around the Ross Fountain, arguably the park’s most iconic feature. This ornate cast iron fountain was installed in 1872, having previously been showcased at London’s Great Exhibition of 1862, adding a touch of Victorian grandeur to the gardens.
Winter Wonderland at Princes Street Gardens
As winter approaches, Princes Street Gardens undergoes a magical transformation into “Winter Wonderland.” Annually, a section of the gardens is dedicated to hosting a festive Christmas Market, an ice rink, and various entertaining attractions. A prominent feature of the Winter Wonderland is the towering Ferris wheel, standing at 108 ft (33m), often affectionately called The Edinburgh Eye, offering stunning views over the city during the festive season.
In conclusion, Princes Street Gardens is not just a park; it’s a historical canvas, a social hub, and a year-round destination that reflects the spirit and beauty of Edinburgh. Whether you are exploring the historical depths of the Old Town or the elegant avenues of the New Town, Princes Street Gardens offers a refreshing and captivating interlude in the heart of the city.
